2.1.4 Pressure Design of Branch Connections

A pipe having a branch connection is weakened by the opening that is cut in it, so it may be necessary to provide reinforcement to replace the metal removed from the wall thickness at the opening. A typical fabricated tee is shown in Figure 2-2.

For fabricated tees, with the angle between branch and header of at least 45°, the area required to replace the area of the opening is calculated as:

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