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The first two sections of these pipe stress analysis notes have served to give the user an overview of the requirements of pipe stress...

Pressure design of flanges is a complex task, requiring consideration of the configuration and materials of the flange, bolts, and gasket. Potential causes of failure are bending stresses in the flange, localized stress concentrations in the hub, yielding of the bolts, or unloading of the gasket, causing leakage. Design of flanges is covered in detail in Section VIII of the ASME Boiler an Pressure Vessel Code; however, due to the complexity, it is rarely done by the pipe stre

When using elbows, the minimum wall thickness after bending shall not fall below that calculated for straight pipe. For mitered elbows, the maximum allowable pressure is calculated differently depending on whether the angle of the miter cut is less than or greater than 22.5°. 2.1.2 Pressure Design of Elbows and Miters Read More: Piping Design For Loading Types To get our piping stress analysis services, please contact our piping engineering firm for a free quote.

Since hoop pressure stresses are approximately twice as large as longitudinal pressure stresses, pipe wall thicknesses are initially sized for hoop stresses. Because of this, pressure design of components is usually done far before, and therefore in isolation, from the pipe stress analysis phase of piping design. Because of this, pipe stress software such as CAESAR II does not normally handle this part of the design effort. A discussion of pressure design of components is inc

All piping systems must be designed to withstand sustained loadings. Sustained loads are classified as those caused by mechanical forces which are present throughout the normal operation of the piping system. Therefore these loads: Are force driven, as opposed to displacement driven, and Are present for relatively extended periods of time, as opposed to those which change dynamically. Typical sustained loads consist of: Pressure — loads due to operating (or design) press