LITTLE P.ENG. FOR ENGINEERING CONSULTANCY SERVICES

Welded and brazed joints are the most commonly used methods for joining piping components because these joints are stronger and more leak-tight than threaded and flanged joints. Furthermore, they do not add weight to the piping system as flanges do, and they do not require an increase in pipe wall thickness to compensate for threading, as threaded joints do. Pipe-Weld Joint Preparation and Design Butt Welds. The most common type of joint employed in the fabrication of welded

Bolting Bolting material for cast-iron flanges is listed in ASME B16.1. Generally, ASTM A307, grade B material is suitable. For steel flanges, acceptable bolting material is listed in ASME B16.5. Threading. Bolts and nuts normally are threaded in accordance with ASME B1.1 Standard for Unified Screw Threads. In diameters 1 in and smaller, Class 2A fits on the bolt or stud and Class 2B on the nut applies with the coarse thread series. In diameters 1¹⁄₈ in and larger, the eight-

Bolted joints piping components are manufactured in accordance with several national standards. Also, several manufacturers produce propriet