Meena Rezkallah, P.Eng.Sep 4, 20202 minPiping Stress Analysis3.5.2.1 FrictionFriction may be present whenever the pipe can move, and in the process of moving, rub against a restraint. As noted earlier, the maximum...
Meena Rezkallah, P.Eng.Sep 3, 20201 minPiping Stress Analysis3.5.2 Non-linear EffectsA restraint is said to be non-linear if its response is not constant throughout its entire load range. Examples of non-linear effects are...
Meena Rezkallah, P.Eng.Sep 2, 20201 minPiping Stress Analysis3.5.1.7 Sway BraceA sway brace (shown in Figure 3-102) is a specific type of engineered hardware, which appears to be a variable spring attached to a sway...
Meena Rezkallah, P.Eng.Sep 1, 20201 minPiping Stress Analysis3.5.1.6 SnubberA snubber is a type of engineered hardware which, due to its internal mechanisms, offers no resistance to slowly applied (i.e., static,...